Public-Private Partnerships
Čo je PPP
Public - private partnerships (v preklade verejno-súkromné partnerstvá) by sme mohli
definovať na základe nasledovných charakteristík:
- súkromný partner zabezpečuje výstavbu a prevádzku diela
- za služby, ktoré súkromný partner poskytuje a ktoré
sú spojené s týmto dielom, súkromný partner získava platby od jeho
používateľov alebo od verejného partnera
- riziká spojené s výstavbou a prevádzkou
diela sú rozdelené medzi verejným a
súkromným partnerom na základe dlhodobého kontraktu
Medzinárodné inštitúcie definujú PPP
rôznymi spôsobmi:
Európska Únia:
The term PPP refers to forms of cooperation between public authorities
and the world of business which aim to ensure the funding,
construction, renovation, management or maintenance of an
infrastructure or the provision of a service. The following elements
normally characterise PPPs:
- The relatively long duration of the relationship.
- The method of funding the project, in part from the private sector,
sometimes by means of complex arrangements between the various players.
Public funds - in some cases rather substantial - may be added to the private funds.
- The important role of the economic operator, who participates at
different stages in the project. The public partner concentrates
primarily on defining the objectives to be attained in terms of public
interest, quality of services provided and pricing policy, and it takes
responsibility for monitoring compliance with these objectives.
- The distribution of risks between the public partner and the private
partner, to whom the risks generally borne by the public sector are transferred.
OECD:
Public-private partnerships refer to any form of agreement between
public and private parties. They should not be misunderstood as
privatization where the management and ownership of the infrastructure
are transferred to the private sector. Some options keep the operations
(and ownership) in public hands, but involve the private sector in the
design and construction of the infrastructure.
Other options involve
private actors in the management, operations and/or financing of
assets. Hence they involve different degrees of private and public
sector responsibilities for service delivery.
Svetová banka:
PPPs are defined as privately financed infrastructure projects in which
a private firm either:
- sells it services to the governmentor
- sells it services to third parties with significant fiscal support in
the form of guarantees.
⇨ Public-Private Partnerships
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